Analytical Chemistry - Nanotechnology and Biological Sensing

The emergence of nanotechnology is opening new horizons for the application of nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry, particularly in biosensing and bioassays. Nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanowires are of considerable interest owing to their unique physical and chemical properties. Such properties (high surface/volume ratios, high electrical conductivity, small entrapment volumes and high stability) offer excellent prospects for chemical and biological sensing and bioassay. The power and scope of such nanomaterials can be greatly enhanced by coupling them with biological recognition reactions and electrical processes (i.e. nanobioelectronics). Research interests in Dr. Liu’s group include:

Synthesis of Novel Nanomaterials

1. Development of Nano-Bioprobes for Biosensors and Bioassays
2. Development of Biosensor and Bioassay Platforms for Ultrasensitive Detection of Nucleic Acids and Proteins
3. Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Environmental and Security Monitoring
4. Development of Portable Clinical Diagnosis Device  for  Point- of-Care and In-field Applications

Selected Publications

2007
Liu G.; Lin, Y. “Electrochemical Quantification of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Using Nanoparticle Probes”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129(34); 10394-10401 
Liu G.; Wu, H.; Lin, Y. “Apoferritin Templated Synthesis of Encoded Metallic-Phosphate Nanoparticle Tags”, Anal. Chem. 2007, 79(15); 5614-5619
Liu G.; Lin, Y., Wai, C. W.; Lin, Y. “Disposable Electrochemical Immunosensor Diagnosis Device Based on Nanoparticle Probe and Immunochromatographic Strip.” Anal. Chem. 2007; 79(20); 7644-7653
Liu, G.; Lin, Y.; Wu, H.; Lin, Y. “Voltammetric Detection of Cr (VI) with Disposable Screen-Printed Electrode Modified with Gold Nanoparticles”, Environmental Science & Technologies, 2007, In press.
Wang, J.; Liu, G., Wu, H.; Lin, Y. “Quantum Dot–Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for High-Throughput Screening Prostate-Specific Antigen”, Small, 2007, in press.
Liu G.*; Wang, J.; Wu, H., Lin, Y.; Lin, Y. “Nanovehicles based bioassay labels.” Electroanalysis, 2007, 19, 777-785.
Timchalk, C.;  Campbell, J.;  Liu, G.; Lin, Y.; Kousba, A. “Development of a Non-invasive Biomonitoring Approach to Determine Exposure to the Organophosphorus Insecticide Chlorpyrifos in Rat Saliva”, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2007, 219, 217–225.
Lin, Y.; Liu, G.; Wai, C.; Lin, Y. “Magnetic Beads-based Bioelectrochemical Immunoassay of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons”, Electrochemistry Communications, 2007, 9(7), 1547-1552.
Wu, H.; Liu, G*; Wang, J.; Lin, Y. “Quantum-dots based electrochemical immunoassay of interleukin-1α”, Electrochemistry Communications, 2007, 9(7), 1573-1577.

2006
Liu, G.; Wang, J.; David, W.; Lin, Y. “Electrochemical proteolytic beacon for detection of matrix   metalloproteinase activities.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, 128(38), 12382-12383.
Liu, G.; Lin, Y. “Biosensor based on self-assembling acetylcholinesterase on carbon nanotubes for flow injection/amperometric detection of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents.” Anal. Chem. .2006, 78(3); 835-842.
Wang, J., Liu, G. “Templated one-step synthesis of compositionally encoded nanowire tags”, Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 2461-2464.  
Liu, G.; Wang, J., Lin, Y. “Bioassay label based on apoferritin nanovehicle.” ChemBioChem, 2006, 7(9), 1315-1319.
Liu, G.; Wu, H.; Wang, J., Lin, Y. “Template synthesis of metal phosphate nanaoparticle labels for electrochemical Immunoassay Applications.” Small, 2006, 2(10), 1139-1143.
Liu, G.; Lin, Y.  “Biosensor Based on Self-Assembling Acetylcholinesterase on Carbon Nanotubes for Flow Injection/Amperometric Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides and Nerve Agents.” Anal. Chem.,  2006, 78(3); 835-843
Liu, G.; Lin, Y.  “Amperometric glucose biosensor based on self-assembling glucose oxidase on carbon nanotubes”, Electrochemistry Communications, 2006, 8(2), 251-256. 
Liu, G.; Lin, Y., “Layer by layer assembling protein on carbon nanotube template”, Journal of   Nanoscience and nanotechnology, 2006, 6, 948–953.
Wang J.;  Liu, G.; “Templated One-Step Synthesis of Compositionally Encoded Nanowire Tags”, Anal. Chem.  2006, 78, 2461-2464
Wang, J.; Liu, G.; Lin, Y. “Amperometric choline biosensor fabricated through electrostatic assembling of bienzyme/polyelectrolyte hybrid layers on carbon nanotubes”, Analyst, 2006,  131, 477.

2005
 Liu, G,  Lin, Y. “Electrochemical Sensor for Organophosphate Pesticides and Nerve Agents Using Zirconia Nanoparticles as Selective Sorbents”, Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 5894-5901
 Liu, G;  Lee, T. M.;  Wang, J.  “Nanocrystal-Based Bioelectronic coding of single nucleotide polymorphisms”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127,38-39.
Munge, B., Liu, G,  Collins  G., and Joseph Wang, “Multiple Enzyme Layers on Carbon Nanotubes for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical  Detection Down to 80 DNA Copies” Anal. Chem. 2005; 77(14); 4662-4666
 Liu, G, Lin, Y.“Enzyme nanoparticle based electronic biosensor”, Chemical Communication, 2005, (27):3481-3483.
Liu, G,   Lin, Y. “A Renewable Electrochemical Magnetic Immunosensor Based on Gold Nanoparticle Labels”, Journal of Nanoscience and nanotechnology2005, 5(7):1060-1065.
 Liu, G, Lin, Y.,, “Electrochemical Stripping Analysis of Organophosphate Pesticides and Nerve Agents”, Electrochemistry Communication, 7 (2005) 339–343
Liu, G, Lin, Y. “ Carbon nanotube nanoelectrode array for ultrosensitive heavy metal analysis”, Analyst,2005, 130 (7):1098-1101.
Cui, X.,  Liu, G., Li, Y., Wassana Yantasee, Yuehe Lin, “Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with K-Hollandite Manganese Dioxide for Detection of Heavy Metals”, Sensor Letters, 2005, 3(1):16-21
 Cui, X.,  Liu, G,  Lin, Y. Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Nickel Hexacyanoferrate/Glucose Oxidase Nanocomposites”, Nanomedicine, 2005, 1(2):130-135
Liu, G.;  Riechers, S.,  Lin, Y.,“Sensitive electrochemical detection of enzymatically generated thiocholine at carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode ”, Electrochemistry communication, 2005, 7(11), 1163-1169.
Liu, G.;  Lin, Y. “Sequential injection/electrochemical immunoassay for quantifying the pesticide metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol”, Electrochemistry communication, 2005, 7,1463–1470.

2004
Liu, G.;  Wang,  J., Kim, K., and Jan, M. “Electrochemical Coding for  Multiplexed Immunoassays of Proteins”, Anal. Chem., 2004, 76, 7126-7130
Wang, J.; Liu, G.; Munge, B.;  Lin L.;  and Zhu, Q.,  “DNA-based Amplified  Bioelectronic Detection and Coding of Proteins”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2004, 43, 2158-2161.
Wang, J.,  Liu, G.;Jan, M. R.,  “Ultrasensitive   Electrical Biosensing of Proteins and DNA: Carbon-Nanotube   Derived Amplification of the Recognition and Transduction Events”,   J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 3010-3011.

2003
Wang, J.,  Liu, G.,  Merkoçi, A.,  “Electrochemical Coding Technology For Simultaneous Detection  of Multiple DNA Targets”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, 125, 3214-3215.
Wang, J., Liu, G., Rivas, G. “Encoded Beads for Electrochemical identification”,  Anal. Chem., 2003, 75, 17, 4667-4671.
Wang, J., Liu, G.,  Zhu, Q.“ Indium-tagged Nanorods for Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of DNA Hybridization”. Anal. Chem., 2003, 75(22), 6218-6222.
Wang, J.; Liu, G.;  Jan M.;  Zhu, Q. “Electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization based on carbon-nanotubes loaded with CdS tags “Electrochemistry Communications, 2003, 5 (12),  1000-1004.